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In a significant move aimed at curbing the promotion of offshore betting platforms, the Tamil Nadu government, through its Online Gaming Authority (TNOGA), has initiated action against surrogate advertisements and sponsorships in the Tamil Nadu Premier League (TNPL). The authority recently held discussions with senior TNPL officials to flag concerns over several team franchises being sponsored by gambling and betting companies.

According to TNOGA, teams such as Trichy Grand Cholas (sponsored by FOMO7), Chepauk Super Gillies (Melbat), Lyca Kovai Kings (1xBat), and Nellai Royal Kings (Dafa News), among others have violated state law by associating with platforms linked to online gambling. The authority has called these surrogate advertisements “prima facie objectionable” under the Tamil Nadu Prohibition of Online Gaming and Regulation of Online Games Act.

A TNOGA official stated, “We have met senior officials from the league to intimate them about the league flouting TNOGA rules. Even surrogate advertisement of online betting apps is not allowed as per Section 8 of the Act.” Violations under this section can invite a one-year prison term or a fine of up to ₹5 lakh, as per Section 16(2).

Beyond state-level action, TNOGA is also considering invoking Section 69A of the Information Technology Act, 2000, which allows the central government to block access to offending online platforms. A request to that effect would be routed through the Tamil Nadu Home Department to the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY).

Roland Landers, CEO of the All India Gaming Federation (AIGF), welcomed the crackdown. “This is a commendable and much-needed step that sets the right precedent for promoting responsible gaming and safeguarding Indian consumers from illegal, unregulated offshore betting operators,” he said. Landers emphasized the need to distinguish between fully compliant Indian gaming firms and rogue foreign entities that exploit regulatory gaps.

“These operators bypass taxation, evade regulatory oversight, and expose users—especially youth and vulnerable populations—to significant financial and psychological risk,” he added.

A real-money gaming (RMG) operator, speaking on condition of anonymity, revealed that surrogate branding is now a favored strategy among offshore gambling companies, especially after the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting’s (MIB) advisory dated October 3, 2022, which banned direct advertisements of gambling sites across television, digital news, and OTT platforms.

“Offshore platforms have turned to covert tactics—digital sponsorships, influencer tie-ups, and high-visibility collaborations with tournaments like TNPL. These mislead the public and flout Indian consumer protection laws,” the operator said. He also pointed to violations of the Consumer Protection Act, 2019, and the Guidelines for Prevention of Misleading Advertisements and Endorsements, issued by the Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA).

The Tamil Nadu government's latest move signals a tougher stance against the normalization of online gambling through sports leagues and a broader commitment to consumer safety and lawful conduct in gaming.

In light of these allegations, the controversy surrounding the TNPL's association with illegal betting and gambling platforms raises questions around implementation of government advisories in the country. It will also be interesting if Advertising Standards Council of India (ASCI) will flag such incidents of surrogate advertising to the government.

Tamil Nadu govt targets TNPL over surrogate ads by offshore betting platforms, RMG industry applauds

The Punjab and Haryana High Court on Friday declined to grant immediate relief to Probo Media Technologies Private Limited in its plea to de-freeze bank accounts frozen by Haryana Police amid allegations of gambling and cheating. The court has scheduled the next hearing for June 10.

A bench led by Justice Anil Kshetarpal directed the state to file a response on whether the bank accounts could be partially de-frozen to allow payment of employee salaries and essential business expenses. During the hearing, Probo’s counsel emphasized that the company was currently seeking limited relief to manage day-to-day operations. The state’s counsel requested additional time to obtain complete instructions, which will be addressed in Tuesday’s proceedings.

This legal battle follows a recent Supreme Court decision on June 2, where a plea to de-freeze a bank account containing over ₹100 crore was rejected. The account was frozen as part of an investigation by Haryana Police after a First Information Report (FIR) was filed on March 25, 2025, at Sector 50 Police Station, Gurugram.

The FIR, filed by a local resident, Abhishek Jain, alleges he lost ₹20,000 while using the Probo app, which allows users to place wagers on the outcomes of real-world events through binary “Yes” or “No” responses. Jain claimed the app misled users by disguising gambling as “opinion trading.”

Senior advocate Mukul Rohatgi, representing Probo in the Supreme Court, argued that freezing the company’s entire bank account over a ₹20,000 dispute was a disproportionate measure that has paralyzed business operations.

The Supreme Court bench, comprising Justices Prashant Kumar Mishra and Augustine George Masih, acknowledged the seemingly minor nature of the allegation but noted that the High Court was already handling the matter. It advised Probo to seek interim relief from the High Court’s vacation bench ahead of the July session.

The FIR invokes Section 13 of the Public Gambling Act, 1867, and Section 318(4) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, which pertains to cheating and dishonest delivery of property. Probo directors Ashish Garg, Sachin Subashchandra Gupta, and Shweta Sharma are named as accused in the complaint.

Probo’s ₹100 Cr bank account remains frozen; Punjab & Haryana HC seek state's reply

Real-money gaming platform PlayerzPot has suspended its opinion trading operations in the states of Haryana and Tamil Nadu, as mounting legal challenges continue to impact the sector. The move follows a wave of regulatory scrutiny on platforms offering prediction-based services, which many authorities argue resemble speculative gambling.

PlayerzPot, a Mumbai-based Series A startup founded in 2015 by Yogesh Doiphode and Mitesh Gangar, operates as a multi-sports fantasy and gaming platform. In 2020, the company secured $3.08 million in funding from Gameskraft. While it initially ventured into the rapidly growing opinion trading segment, the current legal climate appears to be forcing a course correction.

“The company has stopped services in Haryana and Tamil Nadu. It is reviewing legalities and is likely to stop operation across India,” confirmed a top source in the real-money gaming (RMG) industry.

A Public Interest Litigation (PIL) filed in the Punjab and Haryana High Court has called for an immediate ban on opinion trading platforms, including prohibitions on their advertising and promotional activities. Similar cases are currently being heard by the High Courts of Gujarat, Chhattisgarh, and Bombay, all of which question the legitimacy of these platforms under the guise of skill-based prediction.

PlayerzPot is not alone in its retreat. Other platforms such as SportsBaazi, MPL Opinio, Probo, and TradeX have already exited the Haryana market. Meanwhile, the Tamil Nadu government has issued legal notices to multiple companies for alleged violations of the Tamil Nadu Online Gaming Authority (TNOGA) Regulations, 2025.

The lack of a defined regulatory framework for opinion-based games has left the industry in a legal gray area. Despite attracting substantial user engagement and revenue, the model’s close resemblance to gambling has alarmed regulators and industry stakeholders alike.

Chhattisgarh recently imposed a state-wide ban on these platforms, and several other states are reportedly considering similar action. Opinion trading services such as SportsBaazi, Probo, and TradeX remain banned in Chhattisgarh.

The Confederation of All India Traders (CAIT) has intensified pressure on the central government, urging a nationwide ban on opinion trading platforms. In a strongly worded letter to IT Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw and Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal, the CAIT described these platforms as "online satta," warning that they pose a significant threat to India’s democratic institutions by enabling users to speculate on sensitive issues like election outcomes.

Adding to the chorus of concern, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) recently issued a public advisory warning investors against engaging with such platforms. The market regulator pointed out that these services often involve binary “yes/no” propositions, which effectively amount to betting on uncertain events.

SEBI also criticized the use of financial jargon by opinion trading platforms, noting that terms like "profits," "stop loss," and "trading" create a misleading impression that users are investing in regulated securities markets.

‘Online Satta’ under scanner: PlayerzPot shuts opinion trading in Haryana, Tamil Nadu

Galactus Funware Technology, the parent company of online gaming platform MPL (Mobile Premier League), has issued a legal notice to the Advertising Standards Council of India (ASCI). However, legal experts have cast serious doubt on the defamation case filed by MPL against ASCI, calling it a strategic move lacking legal substance.

Galactus Funware Technology, MPL’s parent company, issued a ₹50 crore legal notice to ASCI, accusing it of defamation and loss of goodwill over its whitepaper titled ‘Examining Opinion Trading in India’. The company alleges the report is “biased and unsubstantiated,” claiming ASCI edited and tampered with MPL’s advertisements to depict opinion trading as risky and potentially financially harmful.

However, lawyers say the case doesn’t meet the legal thresholds required for defamation. Siddharth Chandrashekhar, Advocate at the Bombay High Court, “Legally the case of MPL does not hold any legal water. This attempt looks more strategic rather than being substantial. As a self regulatory body which acts in public interest is protected by qualified privilege.”

Chandrashekhar said, “The defamation case requires malice and falsehood both of which are missing in this case. This appears to be more aimed at silencing regulatory scrutiny rather than defending themselves. They are framing themselves as a victim of some defamatory statement and this is more an attempt to control the narrative before SEBI or any other strong regulatory body steps in.” 

Another legal counsel on condition of anonymity said, “Defamation cases for such whitepapers focused on an industry does not stand ground in the court of law. When you look at the ASCI report, the advertisements which does not meet standards under the ASCI guidelines and its codes have been flagged. The motive or malice for such cases are crucial which is clearly missing in this matter.” 

The legal notice also challenges ASCI’s authority, asserting that its charter does not empower it to comment on the legality of any industry’s operations. ASCI, in response, said: “We are in receipt of the notice and there is absolutely no question of tampering.”

Read More: <a href="https://www.storyboard18.com/gaming-news/sc-refuses-to-de-freeze-100-crore-account-of-opinion-trading-platform-probo-68361.htm">SC refuses to De-freeze ₹100 Cr account of opinion trading platform Probo</a> 

MPL had to cease operations of 'Opinio' in Haryana following rising legal pressures on opinion trading platforms. This move comes in the wake of a growing regulatory crackdown, with a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) filed in the Punjab and Haryana High Court seeking an immediate ban on such platforms, including restrictions on their advertising and promotional activities.

The updated Terms and Conditions on MPL Opinio, explicitly prohibit users in Haryana from participating in "formats that pertain to events whose outcome is unknown," including both MPL Opinio and MPL Fantasy games. The statement reads, "Formats that pertain to events whose outcome is unknown, specifically MPL Opinio and MPL Fantasy, shall not be used by users located in the state of Haryana.

Read More: <a href="https://www.storyboard18.com/gaming-news/mpl-shuts-operations-of-opinio-in-haryana-amid-legal-crackdown-on-opinion-trading-66420.htm">MPL shuts operations of 'Opinio' in Haryana amid legal crackdown on Opinion Trading</a> 

Opinion trading platforms SportsBaazi, Probo and TradeX have been banned in the state of Chhattisgarh. While they now have stopped operations in Haryana as well. Tamil Nadu government has also sent notices to opinion trading platforms and continue to be under regulatory pressure. 

The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has issued a public advisory warning investors against engaging with Opinion Trading Platforms. These platforms, according to SEBI, allow users to enter into arrangements where payouts are determined by the outcome of a yes/no proposition—essentially betting on the occurrence or non-occurrence of future events.

SEBI emphasized that such platforms often mimic legitimate investment avenues by using financial market terminology like "profits," "stop loss," and "trading," which may mislead users into believing they are participating in regulated securities markets.

In its official statement, SEBI clarified that these platforms generally do not fall under its regulatory purview as the underlying activity does not involve trading in securities. Consequently, no investor protection mechanisms applicable to securities markets would cover transactions made on these platforms.

Read More: <a href="https://www.storyboard18.com/gaming-news/dont-ban-us-regulate-us-opinion-trading-platforms-demand-regulations-56673.htm">“Don’t ban us, regulate us”: Opinion Trading platforms demand regulations</a> 

The regulator further noted that since these platforms are neither recognized stock exchanges nor registered with SEBI, any trading of securities—if it occurs on these platforms—would be considered illegal. In such cases, both the platforms and their participants may face regulatory action.

Storyboard18 has reached out to MPL for comment. The story will be updated if and when a response is received.

MPL vs ASCI: Defamation notice to ASCI more about optics than legal merit, say experts

Opinion trading platform Probo Media Technologies Private Limited has suffered another legal setback, with the Supreme Court refusing to entertain its plea to de-freeze a bank account containing over ₹100 crore. The account was frozen by Haryana Police following allegations of gambling and cheating against the company and its directors.

The freezing order stems from a First Information Report (FIR) filed on March 25, 2025, at Sector 50 Police Station in Gurugram, based on a complaint by local resident Abhishek Jain. Jain claims he lost approximately ₹20,000 on the Probo app, which allows users to place wagers on the outcomes of various real-world events with "Yes" or "No" answers. According to the complaint, users are “lured and induced into gambling and betting” under the pretense of opinion trading.

In the Supreme Court, senior advocate Mukul Rohatgi, representing Probo, argued that freezing the company's entire bank account due to a ₹20,000 transaction was a disproportionate response. He added that the freeze had brought Probo’s business operations to a standstill.

However, a Supreme Court bench comprising Justices Prashant Kumar Mishra and Augustine George Masih noted that, although the alleged offence was minor, the case was already under review by the High Court. The bench advised the company to approach the High Court’s vacation bench for earlier relief before the July hearing.

The FIR has invoked Section 13 of the Public Gambling Act, 1867, and Section 318(4) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, which pertains to cheating and dishonest delivery of property. Named in the complaint are Probo directors Ashish Garg, Sachin Subashchandra Gupta, and Shweta Sharma.

Opinion trading platforms SportsBaazi, Probo and TradeX were first banned in Chhattisgarh. It was later prohibited in Haryana. Multiple platforms including MPL Opinio, SportsBaazi and TradeX were forced to shut down their operations in the state. 

Probo had earlier approached the Punjab and Haryana High Court, seeking to quash the FIR and requesting interim protection. Despite hearing the matter on May 22, 2025, Justice Sukhvinder Kaur declined to offer any stay or interim relief, instead issuing a notice to the Haryana government and scheduling the next hearing for July 15, 2025.

This is not the first time Probo has faced regulatory action. In January 2025, Rajasthan Police directed Yes Bank to block transactions linked to the platform after a complaint of fraud involving ₹5,000 was registered at Jyoti Nagar Police Station.

Advocate Prateek Kasliwal had raised broader concerns about such platforms. “These apps allow users to bet on everything from political events to asset prices,” he said. “Similar platforms are banned in countries like Singapore, the UK, and Taiwan due to concerns over gambling laws and risks of electoral interference.”

Kasliwal had also warned that the current cases might only scratch the surface of a larger issue. “Many such platforms operate in regulatory grey areas, and they could be putting millions of users at financial risk,” he added.

Earlier, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has issued a public advisory warning investors against engaging with Opinion Trading Platforms. These platforms, according to SEBI, allow users to enter into arrangements where payouts are determined by the outcome of a yes/no proposition—essentially betting on the occurrence or non-occurrence of future events.

SEBI emphasized that such platforms often mimic legitimate investment avenues by using financial market terminology like "profits," "stop loss," and "trading," which may mislead users into believing they are participating in regulated securities markets.

In its official statement, SEBI clarified that these platforms generally do not fall under its regulatory purview as the underlying activity does not involve trading in securities. Consequently, no investor protection mechanisms applicable to securities markets would cover transactions made on these platforms.

The regulator further noted that since these platforms are neither recognized stock exchanges nor registered with SEBI, any trading of securities—if it occurs on these platforms—would be considered illegal. In such cases, both the platforms and their participants may face regulatory action.

Storyboard18 reached out to Probo for a comment, they have declined to share an official statement. 

SC refuses to De-freeze ₹100 Cr account of opinion trading platform Probo

As Karnataka inches closer to unveiling a comprehensive regulatory framework for the online real money gaming (RMG) industry, the state government has transferred a key officer who was leading consultations with industry stakeholders.

Bhushan Gulabrao Borase, a 2009 batch Indian Police Service (IPS) officer, who was serving as the Deputy Inspector General of Police, Cyber Crime and Narcotics, has been appointed as the Commissioner of Belagavi City. Borase played a crucial role in initial discussions with various gaming bodies and was seen as a pivotal figure in shaping the upcoming policy framework.

The transfer comes at a critical juncture as the state is set to introduce a whitelisting mechanism aimed at legitimizing RMG operators, amid growing concerns over illegal online betting activities. Sources familiar with the development said that despite the officer’s transfer, the state remains committed to rolling out the new framework by the end of the year.

<a href="https://www.storyboard18.com/gaming-news/exclusive-karnataka-govt-to-introduce-whitelist-for-real-money-gaming-operators-62968.htm">Read More: EXCLUSIVE: Karnataka govt to introduce whitelist for Real Money Gaming operators</a>

As per official data, Karnataka Police have registered 897 cases related to online betting in the past three years. This includes 492 cases in 2023, 382 in 2024, and 23 cases between January and March of 2025. 

The transfer of Borase raises questions about continuity and leadership in the policy’s development, especially as Karnataka attempts to become the first Indian state to implement a whitelisting model for RMG operators. Industry representatives expressed hope that the initiative would continue without disruption. “Karnataka is taking a progressive approach,” said one stakeholder. “Whitelisting legitimate companies and cracking down on illegal operators will support sector growth.”

Speaking after concluding a two-day review meeting with all deputy commissioners and Zilla Panchayat chief executives, Karnataka Chief Minister Siddaramaiah said IT/BT Minister Priyank Kharge and Law Minister H K Patil were discussing ways to tackle online betting. “We are discussing if a law should be introduced. We will arrive at a conclusion soon,” Siddaramaiah said. In a statement, Siddaramaiah said youngsters are “falling prey” to the “cricket betting business”.

“Indiscriminate action should be taken without succumbing to any pressure. Deputy Commissioners are fully responsible for this,” Siddaramaiah said.

<a href="https://www.storyboard18.com/gaming-news/karnataka-eyes-year-end-gaming-regulation-but-will-it-abandon-its-sc-battle-61945.htm">Read More: Karnataka eyes year-end gaming regulation, but will it abandon its SC battle?</a>

Karnataka government also intends to establish a clear legal distinction between skill-based gaming and gambling. However, it remains uncertain what measures will be taken against offshore betting platforms, whose operations have exponentially grown in the past year.

The upcoming framework will also include provisions for age-gating, grievance redressal mechanisms, and player support systems—part of a broader "consumer-first" strategy aimed at curbing the influence of illegal betting and gambling services.

According to Digital India Foundation report, four betting platforms—Parimatch, Stake, 1xBet, and Battery Bet—received 1.6 billion visits in just three months, between October and December 2024. Social media platforms like Facebook, Meta, and Telegram drove 42.8 million visits to these four platforms during the same period. While deposits in illegal betting and gambling are exceeding 100 billion dollars per year and are growing at an annual rate of 30%.

On April 8, key representatives from the RMG sector—including officials from the All India Gaming Federation, the Federation of Indian Fantasy Sports, and the E-Gaming Federation—met with Karnataka’s Home Minister S. Parameshwara and IT-BT Minister Priyank Kharge to discuss the impending regulations.

“Karnataka is taking a progressive approach toward regulating the RMG industry,” said one industry representative. “Whitelisting legitimate companies and cracking down on illegal operators will definitely support sector growth. If implemented it will make Karnataka, the first state to implement whitelisting of RMG companies in this complex regulatory landscape.”

Another stakeholder, speaking on condition of anonymity, revealed that a draft of the new framework is expected within the next couple of months, followed by a stakeholder consultation phase. “The Karnataka government is targeting an end-of-year rollout,” the person said.

If executed effectively, Karnataka’s move could set a precedent for other states, paving the way for a more structured and investment-friendly gaming industry across India. With regulatory clarity on the horizon, industry players are hopeful that a balanced framework will foster innovation while safeguarding users and curbing illegal operations.

This effort marks a shift from the state's previous stance. In 2021, Karnataka introduced the Karnataka Police (Amendment) Bill, which sought to ban all forms of online gambling—excluding lotteries and horse racing—by removing the distinction between games of skill and games of chance. The law inadvertently included skill-based gaming startups under its purview.

However, the Karnataka High Court struck down most provisions of the bill in February 2022, deeming them unconstitutional. The state appealed to the Supreme Court, which issued notices to various gaming companies and industry bodies. The case remains pending.

"There is nothing to regulate them so far. They have agreed to the introduction of a licence system and a regulation as per law. Once the draft is submitted, we will bring in a new law," Home Minister Parameshwara said, adding that a committee is currently drafting the policy.

Minister for Information Technology and Biotechnology Priyank Kharge had said that the government is mulling over bringing the entire online gaming, real money gaming under a legal parameter.

Meanwhile, Maharashtra is also working on its own regulatory framework for online gaming, signalling a broader trend toward structured oversight in India’s RMG space. Maharashtra’s Minister of State for Home Affairs, Yogesh Kadam, recently told the state’s Legislative Council that the government is developing tougher laws to combat cybercrime and financial fraud linked to online platforms. “A uniform policy and stricter legal measures are on the way,” Kadam noted.

Adding to the anticipation, stakeholders across the country are now closely watching the Supreme Court's hearing on the ₹2.5 lakh crore GST case. The outcome is expected to have far-reaching implications for the future of India’s online gaming industry.

<a href="https://www.storyboard18.com/gaming-news/tamil-nadus-regulatory-model-not-a-fit-for-karnataka-rmg-stakeholders-tell-govt-61834.htm">Read More: Tamil Nadu’s regulatory model not a fit for Karnataka, RMG stakeholders tell govt</a>

<a href="https://www.storyboard18.com/digital/karnataka-unveils-indias-first-industry-led-digital-detox-initiative-59413.htm">Read More: Karnataka unveils India’s first industry-led digital detox initiative</a>

Key IPS officer leading Karnataka's online gaming policy transferred

TradeX, an opinion trading platform, has announced the shutdown of its real-money gaming operations in India following increasing legal restrictions and mounting regulatory challenges. The decision comes after the platform was banned in Chhattisgarh and faced prohibition in Haryana.

TradeX, launched in 2021 by entrepreneurs Divij Goyal and Ankit Shrivastava, allowed users to trade on public opinions and events. The startup had raised $1 million in seed funding in 2022 from TDV Partners, SoMa Capital, and prominent investors including Anupam Mittal, Maninder Gulati, and Justin Mateen.

In a memo issued to users, TradeX stated: After careful consideration, we are shifting from a real money gaming platform to a free-to-play, casual social gaming platform focused on fun and entertainment. Keeping that in mind we have stopped deposits of all users as well as stopping trading activities. This change is driven by the heavy 28% GST tax, which favours bigger players and made growth and profitability difficult for us. Your existing funds are safe and accessible."

"We still believe in prediction markets and crowd wisdom in a world full of misinformation. But sadly, we have parted ways. We appreciate you being part of our community. As founders, we believe in building products. Though we were unable to sustain the journey of prediction markets, that doesn’t mean we can’t create something new. As someone said, it’s not the end but the beginning of something new. With the same passion, we are now working hard to launch a fresh, fun, free-to-play social gaming experience for you."

The move follows legal actions taken by the Chhattisgarh government, which blocked TradeX along with other platforms like SportsBaazi and Probo under the Chhattisgarh Gambling Prohibition Act, 2022, classifying them as online gambling services.

Regulatory bodies have also voiced their concerns. The Advertising Standards Council of India (ASCI) recently released a whitepaper titled “Examining Opinion Trading in India,” highlighting the urgent need for regulatory clarity in the fast-growing but largely unregulated sector. The council stated that any future advertising in this space must be accompanied by appropriate disclaimers and warned it would forward any questionable ads to relevant authorities.

Adding to the scrutiny, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) issued a public advisory warning consumers against engaging with opinion trading platforms. According to SEBI, these platforms operate as unregulated gambling models under the guise of investment simulation and fall outside any existing investor protection framework. The agency clarified that such entities are not recognized stock exchanges or registered intermediaries, and any financial transactions on them would be deemed illegal.

In March 2025, FIR was filed against directors of Probo (opinion trading platform) Ashish Garg, Sachin Subashchandra Gupta and Shweta Sharma under Section 13 of the Public Gambling Act, 1867 (gambling in streets) and Section 318(4) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (cheating and dishonest delivery of property) on basis that complainant Abhishek Jain, a resident of Gurugram lost around Rs. 20,000 while playing on the Probo app, which presents “Yes” or “No” questions on various events for which he was lured and induced into gambling and betting.

The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) is also reportedly monitoring the situation. Internationally, countries such as the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia regulate opinion trading as wagering platforms. In India, however, the lack of dedicated legislation continues to create ambiguity around their legality.



Opinion trading platform TradeX shuts down Real-Money Gaming operations

The Tamil Nadu Online Gaming Authority (TNOGA) has escalated its regulatory efforts against Real Money Gaming (RMG) companies, issuing a fresh round of notices to platforms allegedly operating in violation of state laws. With several firms under scrutiny, TNOGA has approached the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) to block non-compliant apps. 

A senior TNOGA official told Storyboard18, “Sending notices to RMG companies is an ongoing process. We notice violations of regulations and we act accordingly.” Pointing out that the companies continue to flout norms including KYC norms.

TNOGA chairperson M D Nasimuddin had confirmed that while some leading platforms have begun aligning with state regulations, others continue to operate in defiance. “A few of the top firms are complying with the rules now. Some are still not,” he said, adding that the authority will formally write to MeitY seeking a digital blockade of the defiant platforms.

The renewed crackdown comes even as the legal fate of Tamil Nadu’s online gaming regulations remains undecided. The Madras High Court is currently deliberating on the constitutional validity of the state's legislation, with a verdict yet to be delivered.

The regulatory framework enforced by TNOGA includes stringent user verification and player protection measures. These mandate Aadhaar-based user authentication, the display of repeated cautionary messages for prolonged gameplay, and the setting of mandatory time and monetary limits for players. One notable clause imposes a curfew, banning online gaming between midnight and 5 AM— a provision that has been challenged in court for being arbitrary and infringing on personal freedoms.

Gaming companies have also raised concerns over the feasibility of Aadhaar-based verification, arguing that the central government currently prohibits its use for private authentication due to privacy restrictions under the Aadhaar Act, 2016.

Petitioners further contend that the Tamil Nadu government lacks jurisdiction over online skill-based games, asserting that such games fall under the purview of the Centre’s Information Technology Rules, 2021.

The ongoing regulatory debate highlights a clash of authority between state and central laws. Dr. Palanivel Thiagarajan, Tamil Nadu’s IT Minister, previously told Storyboard18 that TNOGA reports to the Home Ministry, while the RMG industry falls under the IT sector. He also noted that the state had held discussions and was in the process of forming a formal working group.

"We'll clean up the gazette notifications and interpretations to ensure the focus remains strictly on real-money games and does not impact other areas. These are the growing pains of being a pioneer. When you're the first to pass a law and establish an authority, it sometimes takes a few iterations to get it right," he said.

It’s worth noting that in November 2023, the Madras High Court struck down the law banning online money games such as rummy and poker, declaring the law "unconstitutional." A bench comprising Chief Justice SV Gangapurwala and Justice PD Audikesavalu stated that while the state government has the authority to create rules to limit the time spent on online games or to set age restrictions for both games of chance and skill, it can only ban games of chance, not games of skill. The court further clarified that the Act could not be used to ban skill-based games like rummy and poker.



Tamil Nadu issues fresh notices; Real money gaming companies face MeitY blockade

The Punjab and Haryana High Court on Tuesday directed the Haryana government to initiate legal action against opinion trading platforms that violate the recently enacted Haryana Prevention of Public Gambling Act, 2025. Haryana becomes the second state to prohibit opinion trading platforms after the state of Chhattisgarh. 

The division bench, comprising Chief Justice Sheel Nagu and Justice Sumeet Goel, issued the directive while hearing a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) that sought a ban on opinion trading platforms and a halt to all related advertising across media platforms, including Instagram, YouTube, X (formerly Twitter), Facebook, print, television, radio, and other digital outlets.

<a href="https://www.storyboard18.com/gaming-news/digital-satta-in-disguise-legal-heat-intensifies-for-opinion-trading-apps-sportsbaazi-probo-tradex-65981.htm">Read More: Digital Satta in disguise: Legal heat intensifies for Opinion Trading apps SportsBaazi, Probo & TradeX</a>

During the hearing, the bench questioned the state about the enforcement of the new gambling law. The state government responded that the Act had come into force on April 9, 2025. In light of this, the bench instructed the authorities to take appropriate legal action against platforms engaging in opinion trading for violating the provisions of the Act.

The PIL, filed by Advocate Anuj Malik and a member of the New India Consumer Initiative, contended that opinion trading platforms disguise gambling as market speculation or public opinion analysis, thereby evading regulatory scrutiny.

The Act, introduced during the state’s recent budget session by Chief Minister Nayab Singh Saini, who also holds the Home portfolio, targets public gambling activities including sports and election betting and match-fixing. It includes stringent provisions, such as a minimum three-year imprisonment and a fine of at least ₹5 lakh for those involved in match- or spot-fixing, with repeat offenders facing up to seven years in prison.

<a href="https://www.storyboard18.com/gaming-news/mpl-shuts-operations-of-opinio-in-haryana-amid-legal-crackdown-on-opinion-trading-66420.htm">MPL shuts operations of 'Opinio' in Haryana amid legal crackdown on Opinion Trading</a>

According to the provisions of the Act, “whoever indulges in match-fixing or spot-fixing in sports shall be liable to imprisonment for a term not less than three years and up to five years, and shall also be liable to a fine of not less than Rs 5 lakh.” A subsequent offense could result in imprisonment for up to seven years.

The Act defines a "bet" as “any agreement, whether oral, written, or otherwise, between two or more parties regarding the occurrence or non-occurrence of an event—past, present, or future—whose outcome is unknown to any or all of the parties at the time of the agreement, where the party making an incorrect prediction must pay or forfeit a stipulated consideration to the other party or parties involved, either monetary or non-monetary."

Interestingly, this definition of "bet" closely mirrors the format used by many opinion and sports trading platforms operating in India.

The court's directive comes amid growing regulatory scrutiny nationwide. The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) recently issued a public advisory warning investors against interacting with such platforms, stating they are unregistered entities operating outside the legal financial ecosystem.

Further raising concerns, the Advertising Standards Council of India (ASCI) released a whitepaper highlighting the lack of regulation and advertising ethics in the burgeoning sector. ASCI cautioned that the portrayal of opinion trading as skill-based gaming could mislead consumers, particularly youth and financially vulnerable users.

During routine ad monitoring, ASCI encountered numerous advertisements from platforms like Probo, SportsBaazi, and TradeX that allow users to place bets on outcomes such as cricket match results—activities that appear to be speculative in nature.

<a href="https://www.storyboard18.com/advertising/asci-flags-risks-of-opinion-trading-warns-of-misleading-advertisements-66490.htm">Read More: ASCI flags risks of Opinion Trading, warns of misleading advertisements</a>

Some platforms, like Probo, market themselves as skill-based platforms where users make predictions on upcoming events and earn rewards for correct answers. Others, such as SportsBaazi, even allow users to “buy stocks” in players based on performance metrics. Influencers have also been actively promoting such platforms on social media, often claiming they are legal and reliable—despite the absence of clear legal validation.

Experts argue that the lack of defined regulatory frameworks for opinion-based gaming has created a legal gray area. While these games continue to generate significant user engagement and revenue, their resemblance to gambling has raised alarms within the real-money gaming (RMG) industry.

Breaking: Punjab and Haryana HC orders crackdown on Opinion Trading platforms

The Advertising Standards Council of India (ASCI) has released a whitepaper titled "Examining Opinion Trading in India", bringing much-needed attention to the rapidly growing but largely unregulated sector of opinion trading or prediction markets. The report urges regulatory clarity to address potential financial risks and advertising ethics surrounding these platforms.

According to data cited by the National Initiative for Consumer Interest (NICI), opinion trading platforms currently boast over 50 million users and see transactions exceeding ₹50,000 crore annually. These platforms allow users to place monetary bets on binary outcomes of real-world events, such as sports results or political developments.

Globally, such platforms are regulated either under financial instruments or gambling laws. In India, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) issued an advisory on April 29, 2025, cautioning the public that opinion trading does not fall under its regulatory purview, as it does not involve trading of securities.

<a href="https://www.storyboard18.com/gaming-news/opinion-trading-platforms-sportsbaazi-probo-tradex-banned-in-chhattisgarh-64735.htm">Read More: Opinion Trading platforms SportsBaazi, Probo, TradeX banned in Chhattisgarh</a>

ASCI has observed a surge in promotional activity from both domestic and international platforms, with influencers frequently marketing opinion trading as skill- and knowledge-based gaming. However, the whitepaper warns that many such advertisements could be misleading and amount to pure speculation, posing serious financial risks—especially to young and financially vulnerable users.

The watchdog emphasized the urgent need for regulatory direction. “If such activities are permitted by law, advertising guidelines must be developed to protect consumers. If not, all stakeholders must work to ensure that unlawful advertising is monitored and penalized,” ASCI stated.

ASCI’s whitepaper includes a survey of international advertising self-regulators, revealing a fragmented global regulatory approach. While some countries treat opinion trading as gambling and block such apps, others regulate them as financial instruments under commodity trading laws.

<a href="https://www.storyboard18.com/gaming-news/breaking-sebi-flags-illegal-opinion-trading-platforms-warns-public-to-stay-away-63788.htm">Read More: SEBI flags 'illegal' opinion trading platforms, warns public to stay away</a>

In India, the situation remains murky. During routine ad monitoring, ASCI encountered numerous advertisements from platforms like Probo, SportsBaazi, and TradeX that allow users to place bets on outcomes such as cricket match results—activities that appear to be speculative in nature.

Some platforms, like Probo, market themselves as skill-based platforms where users make predictions on upcoming events and earn rewards for correct answers. Others, such as SportsBaazi, even allow users to “buy stocks” in players based on performance metrics. Influencers have also been actively promoting such platforms on social media, often claiming they are legal and reliable—despite the absence of clear legal validation.

The state of Chhattisgarh recently banned Probo, SportsBaazi, and TradeX under the Chhattisgarh Gambling Prohibition Act, following a public interest litigation. This move reflects growing concerns around the legal and ethical implications of opinion trading.

Manisha Kapoor, CEO & Secretary General of ASCI, said, “Opinion trading platforms raise serious concerns as their structure and mechanics closely resemble betting in some instances, and can expose consumers to significant financial risk. The advertising that accompanies these platforms often heightens the risk, with exaggerated claims of easy winnings and false assurances of reliability. No disclaimers cautioning consumers are provided. ASCI’s whitepaper highlights these risks and urges urgent regulatory clarity so appropriate steps can be taken to protect consumers from potential harm.” 

ASCI plans to escalate any questionable advertising it encounters to the relevant regulators for legal evaluation. The council also emphasized that if opinion trading is legally sanctioned in the future, advertisements must include appropriate disclaimers—similar to those required in the real-money gaming sector.

The whitepaper states, "ASCI plans to escalate all such advertisments that it comes across to the regulators, for them to decide upon the legality of such advertisements. In addition, should the regulator or courts clarify that such advertisements are legally permitted, it is important to maintain the warnings and disclaimers that are required for real money gaming. These are absent in the advertisements that ASCI has come across in its monitoring effort."

ASCI has come across ads of several opinion trading platforms where the gaming format appears to be based on pure speculation, such as predicting the outcome of a live sporting event. Predicting match wins appears to be one of the most common forms of opinion trading. 

The report added, that the advertising viewed and analysed there is a sense that these involve an element of risk because there are chances of financial losses. The question of whether these are to be viewed as knowledge or skill based games or games based on pure speculation remains unanswered.

<a href="https://www.storyboard18.com/gaming-news/digital-satta-in-disguise-legal-heat-intensifies-for-opinion-trading-apps-sportsbaazi-probo-tradex-65981.htm">Read More: Digital Satta in disguise: Legal heat intensifies for Opinion Trading apps SportsBaazi, Probo & TradeX</a>

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